Cases

14‐1963(L) Kirschenbaum, et al. v. 650 Fifth Avenue and Related Properties UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT ______________ August Term 2015 (Argued: November 18, 2015 Decided: July 20, 2016)

SACK, Circuit Judge: In this litigation, judgment creditors of the Islamic Republic of Iran (“Iran”) attempt to execute on $1.68 billion in bond proceeds allegedly owned by Iran’s central bank. The Supreme Court has instructed that in an execution proceeding concerning a foreign sovereign’s assets, any defense predicated on foreign sovereign immunity must rise or fall on the text of the Foreign Sovereign

515 F.Supp.2d 25 (2007) Deborah D. PETERSON, Personal Representative of the Estate of James C. Knipple (Dec.), et al., Plaintiffs, v. ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN, et al., Defendants. Civil Action Nos. 01-2094 (RCL), 01-2684(RCL). United States District Court, District of Columbia. September 7, 2007. *26

15‐0690 Peterson v. Islamic Republic of Iran 1 UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS 2 FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT 3 August Term, 2015 4 (Argued: June 8, 2016 Decided: November 21, 2017*) 5

WESLEY, Circuit Judge: Plaintiffs-Appellees (“Plaintiffs”) are direct or indirect victims of terrorist acts linked to the Islamic Republic of Iran (“Iran”), against which they hold unsatisfied money judgments. Plaintiffs contend that they are entitled to enforce these judgments against Defendants-Appellants Alavi Foundation and 650 Fifth Avenue Company (together, “Defendants”),1 pursuant to the Forei